Threat Landscape
1 Global Definitions
- Threat Landscape: The evolving environment of cyber risks, including the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) used by malicious actors.
- Cyber Threat: Any potential malicious attempt to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access to digital systems, networks, or data.
1.1 Major Categories of Threats
Malware
Malicious software designed to infiltrate and damage systems.
- Includes viruses
- ransomware
- spyware
Phishing
Deceptive communication techniques that trick users into revealing sensitive information.
- Email-based impersonation
- Fake websites mimicking legitimate services
- Often used for credential harvesting
Denial of Service (DoS/DDoS)
Overloading systems or networks to make them unavailable to legitimate users.
- Floods traffic at a target
- Distributed attacks involve botnets
- Commonly target businesses and governments
1.2 Advanced Threats
Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs)
Long-term, stealthy attacks carried out by organized groups, often state-sponsored.
- Focus on espionage and data theft
- Infiltrate systems and remain undetected for months
Zero-Day Exploits
Attacks leveraging unknown or unpatched vulnerabilities.
- No prior defenses exist
- Exploited by cybercriminals before detection
Insider Threats
Threats originating from within the organization.
- Disgruntled employees or contractors
- Unintentional mistakes leading to breaches
- Can cause severe financial and reputational damage
1.3 Emerging Trends
AI-Powered Attacks
Use of artificial intelligence to enhance attack efficiency.
- Automated phishing campaigns
- Adaptive malware that learns defenses
IoT Vulnerabilities
Weak security in connected devices creates new attack vectors.
- Botnets like Mirai
- Smart home device hijacking
Supply Chain Attacks
Exploiting third-party vendors or updates to compromise targets.
- Seen in SolarWinds Attack
- Target trust relationships between companies
1.4 Why Threat Landscape Awareness Matters
Understanding the threat landscape is essential for organizations and individuals to develop effective defense strategies. By identifying current and emerging risks, cybersecurity teams can prioritize resources, adopt proactive measures, and reduce overall exposure to attacks.